Effect of Blocking PYR Complex Binding to DNA Site by Peptide Nucleic Acid on γ-Globin Gene Expression / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of blocking polypyrimidine complex binding to DNA site by using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) on γ-globin gene expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PYR-PNA, β-PNA and RS-PNA (random sequence-PNA) were designed and synthesized, then were transfected into K562 cells with the cationic liposome lipofectamine 2000 used as vector. The expression of γ-globin gene at both the transcriptional and translational level was detected by RT-PCR and the Western blot respectively at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after transfection with PNAs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with RS-PNA and control groups, the expression of γ-globin gene at mRNA and protein levels in PYR-PNA group was significantly up-regulated(P<0.05), especially at 48 h after tranfection, the levels of mRNA and protein in PYR-PNA group were increased by 2.0 and 2.5 times than those in control group, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PYR-PNA can significantly up-regulate the expression of γ-globin gene in K562 cells, this study may provide a new research idea for gene therapy of β-thalassemia.</p>

Analysis on effectiveness of platelet transfusion in 1786 patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to observe and analyze the effectiveness of platelet transfusion. The platelet count of 1786 patients before transfusion and on 20-24 hours after transfusion was determined by using Auto-Hematology Analyzer, the percent platelet recovery (PPR) was calculated, the platelet transfusion efficiency (PTE) was evaluated by PPR and hemorrhage presentation after platelet transfusion, and the PTE was statistically analyzed according to disease cause, transfusion frequency, platelet type and once transfusion amount. The results showed that the total PTE of 1786 patients was 52.5%. The comparison of PTE among groups of disease cause showed that PTE in leukemia and aplastic anemia (AA) was lowest, as compared with that of other diseases (P < 0.05), while PTE in operation group was highest. The comparison of PTE among groups of transfusion frequency revealed also statistical difference (P < 0.01), meanwhile PTE decreased with increasing of transfusion frequency. The comparison of PTE among groups of platelet type (platelet phoresis or platelet concentrate) showed statistical difference (P < 0.01). The comparison of PTE among groups of platelet concentrate of once transfusion amount showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05). It is concluded that the PTE closely relates with disease cause of patients, moreover transfusion frequency also associates with PTE, the more frequency of transfusion, the higher possibility of transfusion refractoriness. The PTE of platelet pheresis is obviously superior to that of platelet concentrate, while PTE of platelet concentrate not significantly relates with once adequate or not.

Impact of five genetic polymorphisms on inter-individual variation in warfarin maintenance dose / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of genetic polymorphisms in VKORC1, CYP2C9, GGCX, EPHX1, APOE genes on inter-individual variation in warfarin maintenance dose.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and forty-nine patients with stable warfarin dose were enrolled in this study, and the clinical data and blood samples of the patients were collected. Genotypes for the 5 genes were determined by using PCR and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) assay. The warfarin maintenance doses were compared among patients with different genotypes of the 5 genes, and a warfarin stable dosing algorithm was derived based on genetic and non-genetic factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 5 genes, VKORC1, CYP2C9 and GGCX were associated with warfarin stable dose. The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that VKORC1, CYP2C9 and GGCX genes, age and weight, had significant influence on inter-individual variation in warfarin stable dose, which contributed 30.2%, 22.8%, 1.5%, 4.7% and 6.7% respectively. The warfarin stable dosing algorithm acquired from the optimal regression model could explain 57.8% variation in warfarin dose.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study suggested that genetic factors are the major determinants of the warfarin maintenance dose, and warfarin stable dosing algorithm may be useful for helping clinicians to prescribe warfarin with greater safety and efficiency.</p>

Effect of ginkgo biloba extract on plasma vascular endothelial growth factor during peri-operative period of cardiac surgery / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and clinical value of ginkgo biloba extract (Ginaton) on the plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients during peri-operative period of cardiac surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty patients scheduled to receive cardiac operation were randomly assigned to 2 groups by a digital table. For the 10 patients in the control group, the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was established in routine and received cold (4 degrees C) St. Thomas' cardioplegia perfusion (15 mL/kg) via aortic root after ascending aorta blocking, as for the 10 patients in the Ginaton group, the same was done but with 0.5 mg/kg of Ginaton added to the cardioplegia perfusion. Plasma VEGF contents were detected by ELISA at different time points, i.e., before and after anesthesia induction (T1, T2), after aorta intubation (T3), 0.5 h after aorta clamping (T4), 0.5 h after aorta declamping (T5), immediate after terminating the operation (T6), 6 h after operation (T7), and 24 h after operation (T8).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the control group, VEGF level began to rise at T, and reached the peak at T7(P < 0.01), while in the Ginaton group, it reached the peak early at T, (P < 0.01), and began to drop at T (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ginaton could induce the production of VEGF, which may be one of the mechanisms for its myocardial protection.</p>

Effects of Ginaton on the markers of myocardial injury during cardiopulmonary bypass / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of Ginaton (Ginkgo biloba leaf extract) on the myocardial injury markers (MIMs) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty patients with congenital heart diseases, scheduled to take atrial septum or ventricular septum repairing operation, were randomly divided into the Ginaton group and the control group, 20 cases in each group. Patients in both groups received St. Thomas' cardioplegic perfusion via radix aortae, while Ginaton (0.5 mg/kg) was added into the perfusion for the Ginton group. Cardiac surgery were started after complete heart arrest. Central venous blood was obtained before and at 0, 6th, 12th, 24th and 48th hour after operation for detection of serum C reaction protein (CRP) by immunoturbidimetry, as well as creation kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no difference in serum concentration of CRP, CK-MB, cTnT and cTnI between the two groups before operation (P > 0.05). These indexes increased immediately after operation in both groups ( P < 0.05). They reached the peak value 12 hrs after CPB and reduced to normal level 48 hrs post-operation in the control group, with the value significantly higher than that in the Ginaton group at all the corresponding time points (P < 0.05, or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Perfusion with Ginaton during CPB could significantly decrease the release of MIMs and improve post-CPB cardiac function recovery, exerting favorable myocardium-protective effects.</p>